Bartonellosis
臨床特徵 (Clinical Features)
- 巴爾通體病 (bartonellosis)(即 Carrión disease)為一種雙相 (biphasic) 疾病,由 Bartonella bacilliformis 引起,此菌與 B. henselae 及 B. quintana 密切相關。
- 感染的初始階段(血液期,hematic phase)稱為 Oroya fever。患者呈急性病容,伴有發熱 (pyrexia)、寒戰 (rigors)、肌痛 (myalgia),以及……
組織病理特徵 (Histopathology)
- 對疣狀病灶 (verrucous lesions) 進行組織病理檢查可見真皮內旺盛的微血管增生 (intradermal capillary proliferation),襯以腫脹的內皮細胞 (swollen endothelial cells),常伴有嗜中性球浸潤 (neutrophilic infiltrate)(Fig. 18.129)。部分表淺及周邊的血管可能擴張,而真皮深部或皮下的結節則傾向有較緻密的血管與內皮細胞增生。偶有病例帶有細胞學上非典型的內皮增生 (cytologically atypical endothelial proliferation),因而可能與惡性血管腫瘤 (malignant vascular tumors) 混淆。背景中可見強度不一的混合性發炎細胞浸潤,由嗜中性球、組織球 (histiocytes)、淋巴球與漿細胞 (plasma cells) 構成。仔細檢查早期病灶中的內皮細胞,可發現 B. bacilliformis 特徵性的胞質內聚集物 (intracytoplasmic aggregates),
874 Infectious diseases of the skin
- 此聚集物稱為 Rocha-Lima inclusions。這些可藉由 Giemsa 製片加以突顯。超微結構上,這些內皮內含物代表被降解的細菌及細胞外基質成分,包含於細胞表面的內陷 (cell surface invaginations) 之中。在晚期病灶中,細菌則明顯消失。
鑑別診斷 (Differential Diagnosis)
- Verruga peruana 應與 Kaposi sarcoma、BA、小葉狀微血管瘤 (lobular capillary hemangioma;化膿性肉芽腫,pyogenic granuloma),以及真性類上皮血管腫瘤 (true epithelioid vascular neoplasms)(如 epithelioid hemangioma 與 epithelioid hemangioendothelioma)相區別。

圖 18-129:Verruga peruana:可見旺盛的血管增生,伴有內皮突出 (endothelial prominence) 與背景的嗜中性球浸潤 (neutrophilic infiltrate)。By courtesy of F. Bravo, MD, Lima, Peru.
Fig. 18.129 Verruga peruana: there is an exuberant vascular proliferation, with endothelial prominence and a background neutrophilic infiltrate. By courtesy of F. Bravo, MD, Lima, Peru.

圖 18-130:Bacillary angiomatosis:可見多發的丘疹與結節。By courtesy of N.C. Dlova, MD, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Fig. 18.130 Bacillary angiomatosis: numerous papules and nodules are present. By courtesy of N.C. Dlova, MD, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.