๐ ็ธฝ็ฎ้ ๏ฝ ๐ ่ฑๆๅๆ ๏ฝ ๐ ๅฎๆด็ฟป่ญฏ๏ผๆฌ็ฏ๏ผ ๏ฝ โญ ็ฒพ่ฏ็ญ่จ
Lithium
Lithium
่จๅบ็นๅพต (Clinical Features)
่จๅบ็นๅพต lithium ๆฒป็ๅจ้ซ้็พๅไนๅๅไบ็็ ไบบไธญ่็ฎ่ๅฏไฝ็จ็ธ้ใๅฎๅทฒ็ฅๆ่ช็ผๆๅ ้ไนพ็ฌ (psoriasis)๏ผๅฐคๅ ถๆฏ่ฟ็ฑๆง็ ็ถใๅ ถไป็ฎ่ไธ่ฏๅๆๅ ๆฌๆไธ็น (maculopapular eruptions)ใ่ๆผๆง็ฎ่็ (seborrheic dermatitis)ใๅ่ซๆง็ฎ่็ (exfoliative dermatitis)ใ้ๅ ธๅ็ค็กๆจฃ็ ็ถ (atypical acneiform lesions)๏ผไธป่ฆไพต็ฏๅ่่ๅฐ่ ฟ๏ผใ่ฟ็ฑๆง็น (pustular eruptions)ใๅ่ฟๆงๆฑ่ บ็ (hidradenitis suppurativa)ใๆฏๅ่งๅ็ๆจฃ็ ็ถ (keratosis pilaris-like lesions)ใๆ่น ่งๅ้ๅบฆ (palmoplantar hyperkeratosis)ใๆฐด็ฑๆง็พ็ (bullous disorders)๏ผไปฅๅๆฏ้ซฎใๆ็ฒ่้ป่็่ฎๅใๆพๆ็ฝ่ฆๆ็ป่จ่ผ Darier disease ็ๆกๅ่็ผ็ใ
่จๅบ็นๅพต (Clinical Features)
่จๅบ็นๅพต bismuth ๅฏ็จๆผ่่ ธ้ไธ้ฉ๏ผๅ ๆฌ่็ (gastritis) ่ๆถๅๆงๆฝฐ็ (peptic ulceration)ใ็ฎ่ไธ่ฏๅๆๅ ๆฌ็ด ็ฎ็ (erythroderma)ใ็ผ็น (exanthemata)ใ็ดซ็ๆง็น (purpuric eruptions)ใๅฃ่ ็ (stomatitis)ใ่้บป็น (urticaria)ใ็ถฒ็้ๆๆจฃ็ฎ่็ (livedo-like dermatitis)ใ็ซ็ฐ็ณ ็นๆจฃ็ฎ่็ (pityriasis rosea-like dermatitis)๏ผไปฅๅๅฐๅซ bismuth ไนๅค็จๆฒป็็ข็็้ๆๆงๆฅ่งธๆง็ฎ่็ (allergic contact dermatitis)ใ้ทๆ้็ถ่ ธ้ (parenteral) ่ๅฃๆไฝฟ็จๅพๅฏ่ฝ้จไนๅบ็พๅ จ่บซๆง่ฒ็ด ๆฒ่ใ็ ไบบๆๅบ็พๅ จ่บซๆง่็ฐ่ฒ่ฒ็ด ๆฒ่๏ผไบฆๆไพต็ฏ็ต่ (conjunctivae) ่ๅฃ่ ้ป่ใ็้ฝฆ็ทฃ่็่้ป่ฒ็ท (blue-black line) ็บ่จบๆท็นๅพตๆง็ (pathognomonic)ใไบฆๆพๆๆซๆๆง่้จ้ป่ฒ็ด ๆฒ่ (transient black lingual pigmentation) ็ๅ ฑๅใ
็ต็น็ ็็นๅพต (Histopathology)
็ต็นๅญธ็นๅพต bismuth ๅจ็็ฎ (dermis) ๅ งๅๆฑ่ บๅบๅบ่ (sweat gland basement membranes) ๅ งๅ็พ็บๅฐๅๆทฑ่ฒ้ก็ฒใๆพๆ็ถๆฏๅๆ้ค (transfollicular elimination) ็ๆ็ป่จ่ผใ