๐ ็ธฝ็ฎ้ ๏ฝ ๐ ่ฑๆๅๆ๏ผๆฌ็ฏ๏ผ ๏ฝ ๐ ๅฎๆด็ฟป่ญฏ ๏ฝ โญ ็ฒพ่ฏ็ญ่จ
Penile necrosis
Penile necrosis
Clinical features This serious situation has a number of causes and a wide clinical differential diagnoses. Many of the causes are discussed in this and other chapters; for example, decubitus ulcer, the strangulation and tourniquet syndromes and other autoerotic misadventures and causes of artifact (priapism), pyoderma gangrenosum, infections such as herpes simplex, ecthyma gangrenosum and Fournier gangrene, and as a complication of serious illness (e.g., mucormycosis in acute myeloblastic leukemia).1 Necrosis can be the result of diabetic small vessel and end-stage renal disease2,3 and chronic renal failure with secondary hyperparathyroidism and calciphylaxis,4 and can complicate polycythemia, thrombocytopenia and leukemia, cryoglobulinemia, and vasculitis. Inferior vena caval thrombosis as part of disseminated intravascular coagulation can lead to necrosis and gangrene of the penis.5 Heparin necrosis is a coagulopathy due to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Warfarin necrosis is a state of acquired protein C dysfunction.6,7